Objective/Meaning  Under the dual constraints of cultivated land protection and high-quality agricultural development, the “Production-Living-Ecology” (PLE) synergy was taken as the theoretical analysis framework, and the multi-dimensional dilemma of grape industry in Fu’an City of Fujian Province was systematically diagnosed. Based on this, the systematic optimization pathways for building a “Grape Garden Complex with Harmonious Coexistence between Man and Nature” were put forward, in order to provide reference for the synergistic transformation of characteristic agriculture and policy compliance in the similar regions.

Methods/Procedures  Based on the field research carried out in Fu’an City from 2023 to 2024 (covering questionnaires and interviews with farmers, cooperatives, enterprises and government departments), combined with the statistical data, the descriptive statistics and case analysis were used to systematically analyze the production structure, soil conditions, operating efficiency and policy response of Fu’an grape industry under the PLE synergy framework.

Results/Conclusions  The results showed that the grape industry in Fu’an was facing complex challenges in production, ecology and social policy, including a singular production system (convergence of variety structure and the prominent problem of soil acidification), prominent ecological constraints (soil compaction, acidification), and complex social policy dimensions (contradiction of “non-grain” use of cultivated land, lagging integrated development of primary, secondary, and tertiary industries). The traditional single technology or management measures were difficult to systematically deal with these problems. Under the guidance of the concept of “harmonious coexistence between human and nature”, the “Grape Garden Complex” should be constructed through implementing the collaborative pathways such as the ecologicalization of production system, the integration of industrial chains, the sharing of management mechanism, and the empowerment of digital technology. The specific technical measures (e.g., intercropping, soil improvement) should be nested within the overall system optimization, thus to achieve the multiple goals of industrial efficiency, ecological improvement, farmers’ income increase and policy compliance, which provided an operational model for the development of county-level ecological economy.