Abstract: Modernization of agriculture in Taiwan is related to the farmers’ professionalization. Although the concept of newtype professional farmers is not created in Taiwan, the agricultural administrative department in Taiwan is continuing to cultivate modern farmers with a series of education and training policies. This article analyzes the meaning and status of modern farmers in Taiwan, and the development of policy of cultivating modern farmers, and summarizes the main measures adopted and implication of cultivating newtype professional farmers for Chinese Mainland.