Abstract: The longterm development of agricultural biotechnology industry depends largely on the relevant manufacturers of the actual technology and product development efficiency, and is closely related to R&D innovation ability. This article from the R&D, R&D expenditures, R&D major achievements, development problems, and R&D firms under government aided effect 5 aspects to the Taiwan Agricultural Biotechnology R&D market structure analysis. And cooperation, from the enterprise strategy, fund raising channels, R&D infrastructure, R&D personnel etc. to put forward a proposal to improve the Taiwan agricultural biotechnology industry development.