Abstract: In our paper, the development of genetically modified crops in the world was summarized and SWOT analysis was conducted on the commercialization of genetically modified rice (GM rice) in China. The problems, such as the construction of industrialization system in GM rice, the challenges in the autonomy of GM rice and the lack of knowledge on GM rice among consumers, were proposed. Furthermore, the measures such as speeding up the construction of industrialization system in GM rice, enforcing the dissemination of GM rice knowledge and protecting the consumers’right to know were put forward.