Objective/Meaning Rural revitalization in mainland China faces challenges such as administrative tendencies, insufficient resident participation, and industrial homogenization. Taiwan’s over 30 years of community building practice has accumulated mature experience. By examining its developmental trajectory, lessons, and dilemmas, it can provide theoretical and practical references for rural revitalization in mainland China, helping to address rural development challenges.

Methods/Procedures Taking Taiwan’s community building core framework of “people, culture, place, industry, and landscape” as a starting point, this study systematically analyzes its policy, stakeholders, and strategic actions, reflecting on its practical dilemmas. Combining mainland China’s national conditions, an analysis framework of “experience refinement—dilemma reflection—insight transformation” is constructed to explore localized practical pathways.

Results/Conclusions Taiwan’s community building has established a model of collaboration between government, civil society, and professional forces, effectively addressing rural development issues but facing problems such as fragmented policies and excessive reliance on subsidies. Mainland China must base its efforts on national conditions, learn from these experiences and lessons across five dimensions—policy, stakeholders, industry, culture, and ecology—to build a collaborative, localized path and promote endogenous rural revitalization.