“乐业”才能“安居”?就业稳定性对农民工核心家庭迁移意愿的影响分析

Only by working happily can one live comfortably? An Analysis of the Impact of Employment Stability on the Migration Intentions of Migrant Workers' Nuclear Families

  • 摘要:
    目的与意义 研究农民工核心家庭迁移现象,旨在通过实证分析揭示就业稳定性对该迁移模式的影响机制,并探讨孤独感知在其中的调节作用,为制定促进农民工家庭良性流动的政策提供实证依据。
    方法与过程 基于福建省9个地级市1707份农民工样本,采用Probit与Logistic模型实证分析了就业稳定性与农民工核心家庭迁移之间的关系,并在此基础上检验了孤独感知的调节效应。
    结果与结论 研究结果显示,工作年限、外出时间、合同签订均对农民工核心家庭迁移有显著的正向影响。相反,城市变换对农民工核心家庭迁移的实现有着显著的抑制作用。分样本研究结果显示,就业稳定性对农民工核心家庭迁移的影响存在明显的代际差异,主要体现在工作年限、城市变换以及合同签订三个方面。在此基础上,本文提出针对性的政策建议:完善农民工就业层面的制度设计,引导农民工合理有序流动;完善就业服务体系,提高工作技能和就业能力;不断完善保障农民工就业的法律法规,增强就业稳定性;推动核心家庭迁移政策的细化和落实;关注流动人口的身心健康,实现流动人口情绪的软着陆。

     

    Abstract:
    Purpose/Significance  At present, nuclear family migration has gradually become the main mode of floating population migration. How to guide and realize the benign flow of migrant workers’ core families is of great practical significance for promoting the new urbanization construction of “people-oriented” and the social integration of floating population.
    Methods/Design  Based on 1707 migrant workers’ samples from nine prefecture level cities in Fujian Province, Probit and Logistic models were used to empirically analyze the relationship between employment stability and migrant workers’ nuclear family migration, and on this basis, the regulatory effect of loneliness perception was tested.
    Conclusion/Findings  working years, going out time and contract signing all have a significant positive impact on the migration of migrant workers’ nuclear families. On the contrary, urban transformation has a significant inhibitory effect on the realization of migrant workers’ nuclear family migration. The results of the sample study show that there are obvious intergenerational differences in the impact of employment stability on the migration of migrant workers’ core families, mainly reflected in three aspects: working years, urban transformation and contract signing. On this basis, this paper puts forward targeted policy suggestions. Firstly, refine the institutional design at the level of migrant worker employment to guide the rational and orderly movement of rural laborers;Secondly, enhance the employment service system to improve work skills and employment capabilities; Thirdly, continuously perfect the legal and regulatory framework that safeguards the employment of migrant workers to bolster job stability; Fourthly, advance the detailing and implementation of core family migration policies; Fifthly, focus on the physical and mental well-being of the floating population to facilitate an emotional soft landing for them.

     

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