Objective/Meaning   Under the background of rural revitalization, the dynamic relationship between the agricultural mechanization and the increase of farmers’ income was explored in this paper, in order to provide countermeasures and suggestions for the rapid development of local agricultural mechanization in Xinjiang, as well as the improvement of agricultural production efficiency and the increase of farmers’ income.

  Methods/Procedures   Based on the 25-year time series data of Xinjiang from 1995 to 2020, the grey relational analysis method and VAR model were used to explore the relationship between the increase of farmers’ income and the development level of agricultural mechanization by using Johansen cointegration test, Granger causality test, impulse response function and variance decomposition, respectively.

  Results/Conclusions  The results showed that the grey correlation degree between farmers’per capita net income and agricultural mechanization was 0.780, which was closely related. The development of agricultural mechanization level in Xinjiang had a long-term equilibrium relationship with the growth of farmers’ per capita net income. When the total power of agricultural machinery increased by 1%, the farmers’ per capita net income would increase by 1.6315%. The results of variance decomposition showed that there was a certain interaction between the degree of agricultural mechanization and the increase of farmers’ income in Xinjiang, but the influence of the change of local farmers’ per capita net income on the change of agricultural mechanization degree was lower than that of the change of agricultural mechanization degree on the change of farmers’ per capita net income. Accordingly, the countermeasures were put forward including continuously improving the level of agricultural mechanization to make up for the shortcomings of development, strengthening the construction of talent team for the agricultural mechanization to fan out from point to area, and promoting the high-quality development of agricultural machinery cooperatives to enhance the service strength.