Objective/Meaning  Since the “One Belt and One Road” Initiative was proposed in 2013, the scale of agricultural investment cooperation between China and other countries has been expanding, which drived the industrial development of bilateral food, animal husbandry, and agricultural product processing, and provided the growth space for the economic and social development of countries along the route. The trade effect of agricultural investment was analyzed in this paper, in order to open up a new path of cooperation for the agricultural investment and trade cooperation between China and the countries along the “One Belt and One Road”, and provide some reference value.

  Methods/Procedures  Based on the panel data of 16 countries along the “One Belt and One Road” from 2011 to 2020, through the application and expansion of the trade gravity model, the trade effect was analyzed from two perspectives of the import and export of agricultural products.

  Results/Conclusions  The results showed that China’s agricultural investment in the countries along the “One Belt and One Road” had a significant positive impact on the agricultural trade between China and these countries. Therefore, some suggestions were put forward including optimizing the investment environment, improving the convenience and freedom of trade and investment, deepening the reform of agricultural supply side, and building a modern agricultural system, etc.