Objective/Meaning  Optimizing and reconstructing the governance mechanism of rural shareholding economic cooperatives is the key to the joint-stock cooperative system reform of rural collective economic organizations, which can provide decision-making reference for the further implementation of rural revitalization strategy.

  Methods/Procedures  By taking the particularity of rural shareholding economic cooperatives as the logical premise, combined with the rural revitalization strategy of the new era proposed in the report of the 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and a number of requirements for “deepening the reform of rural collective property rights system” in China's 14th Five-Year Plan, the governance mechanism of the rural collective property rights system was systematically constructed.

  Results/Conclusions  The governance mechanism of rural shareholding economic cooperatives has shown the realistic difficulties of solidified ownership, alienated decision-making and inefficient supervision. Therefore, by starting from the particularity of rural shareholding economic cooperatives in the membership, voting formula and shares transfer, the new path of governance mechanism should be constructed including the membership identification mechanism, normative decision-making mechanism, shares transfer mechanism and internal and external supervision mechanism, thus to improve the governance efficiency of rural shareholding economic cooperatives, promote the sustainable development of rural collective economy, and accelerate the realization of the strategic goal of rural revitalization.