Abstract: 【Objective/Meaning】 In the context of the Belt and Road Initiative,the paper measures the characteristics and potentials of agricultural trade between 5 South Pacific island countries( Papua New Guinea,Fiji,Samoa,Vanuatu,and Tonga) and the US and provide solutions for the 5 countries to explore the US agricultural markets and to promote the development of agricultural trade of the 5 island countries. 【Methods/Procedures】 By using the data of UN Comtrade,the paper describes the agricultural trade between the 5 island countries and the US from the perspectives of trade scale and trade structure. The paper used weighted trade intensity index,intra-industry trade index,export similarity index to calculate trade complementarity,competitiveness and potentials of agricultural products between the 5 island countries and the US and finds out the trade complementarity is larger than trade competitiveness,which means large trade potentials. 【Results/Conclusions】 It is concluded that the agricultural products of the five island countries have strong complementarity and trade potential to the us trade,and the trade links are relatively close. It is suggested that the 5 island countries and the US should make full use of the complementary nature of agricultural trade to promote the complementary advantages and needs for agricultural products. China and the US should give full play to their comparative advantages and strengthen their FDI and capacity collaboration so as to help the socio-economic development of the island countries.