Abstract: 【Objective/Meaning】Under the development concept of refined agriculture, Taiwan has gradually realized the transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture. And its development process and practice have provided experience for improving the level of agricultural modernization in the Chinese Mainland.【Methods/Procedures】Based on the field research in Taiwan, the main process of agricultural modernization development in Taiwan was explored, and the analysis on the practice and experience in solving the problems of “marginalization of small farmers”, “low-end agricultural products” and “decentralization of cooperative organizations” in Taiwan was focused on.【Results/Conclusions】The results showed that in the process of the transformation from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture in Taiwan, the establishment and improvement of a series of agricultural management systems, such as the cooperative organization system of farmers, the agricultural products transportation and marketing system, as well as the use of science and technology to develop the innovative agriculture have set a good example for the development of small-scale peasant economy in East Asia.