Abstract: 【Objective/Meaning】Yongtai County is one of the Camellia oleifera producing areas mainly supported by Fujian Province, and the Camellia oleifera in the county is mainly distributed in the poverty-stricken areas. The development of Camellia oleifera industry is somewhat corresponding to the implementation of the strategy of poverty alleviation. So, how to promote the poverty alleviation in Yongtai County driven by the development of Camellia oleifera industry will be studied in this paper.【Methods/Procedures】Through the case study method, the development status of poverty alleviation by Camellia oleifera industry in Yongtai County was summarized, and the existing problems were analyzed. Then, the policy suggestions for the poverty alleviation driven by Camellia oleifera industry in Yongtai County were put forward.【Results/Conclusions】The key to the development of Camellia oleifera industry lay in improving the social service level and organizational level, ensuring the investment of construction funds, playing the leading role of poverty alleviation base and constructing the income distribution mechanism of poverty alleviation in order to serve the poverty alleviation. Therefore, the policy suggestions were put forward including improving the comprehensive service system, building the technical service promotion system, supporting the development of Camellia oleifera enterprises and cooperatives, enlarging the construction of the demonstration base for poverty alleviation by industries, ensuring the investment of construction funds, and innovating the operational mechanism, etc.