Abstract: Taiwan Farmers’ Association is an organization founded to protect the interests of farmers. Taiwan Farmers’ Association developed difficultly in the Japanese occupation period, and then was reformed gradually and ultimately defined as the third level farmers’ organization by Kuomintang. Farmers’ Association plays an important role in the economic growth and life improvement in rural areas of Taiwan, including the implementation of agricultural policy and new technology, the establishment of transport and sale system, the offering of financial service for farmers, etc. With the economic transformation in Taiwan, Farmers’ Association is going to face more challenges for living, such as the population decline in rural areas, the unbalanced development among organizations in different regions, and the improper managements.