Abstract: Based on the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2005 to 2014, the spatial correlation of provincial carbon emission were analyzed using spatial statistical method, and the main influencing factors were summarized with spatial econometric model. The results showed that there was positive spatial correlation among China's provincial carbon emission; the provincial carbon emission were positively affected by regional economic level, urbanization level, and energy consumption intensity with significant differences, but the industrial structure and technological level with no significance.