Abstract: The fruit trade between China and ASEAN has grown weakly since the full implementation of the bilateral zero-tariff plan. However, the development strategy of “One Belt and One Road” has brought new impetus for the sustainable growth of the bilateral fruit trade. Then, based on the analysis of the total volume, variety and country structure of the fruit trade between China and ASEAN, the problems such as the slow growth of bilateral fruit trade, the centralized structure, the weak resistance to risk and the corresponding reasons were explored. Finally, the prospect of the bilateral fruit trade was discussed from the aspects of opportunities brought by “One Belt and One Road”, such as the improvement of transport infrastructure, the development of trade e-commerce, etc.