Abstract: In the new historical period of development, it is impotent to construct agricultural scientific and technological innovation system and rural science popularization networks in practice. Based on the analysis of agricultural scientific and technological innovation and the effect of scientific and technological popularization, the idea of establishing the interactive system of agricultural scientific and technological innovation and rural science popularization was proposed, and the interdependence between agricultural scientific and technological innovation and farmers’ technological entrepreneurship was clarified. Finally, the countermeasures were put forward to promote the coupling interactive development between agricultural scientific and technological innovation and farmers’ technological entrepreneurship.