Abstract: The intellectual capital is a strategic resource accumulated by enterprises for a longterm time, which can make the enterprises keep a favorable position in the fierce market competition. It is the endogenous power to promote the enterprise growth, while agricultural enterprises need it more to provide inexhaustible impetus to support their development. In this paper, China’s agricultural listed companies were selected as research samples, and the VAIC method was used to measure intellectual capital. Then, the evaluation system for sample enterprise growth was built to gain the comprehensive growth factors. Meanwhile, by establishing hypotheses and regression models, the impact of intellectual capital on enterprise growth was explored. The results showed that the material capital, intellectual capital and human capital which was the component of intellectual capital had a significant positive correlation with enterprise growth, while there was a negative correlation between structural capital and enterprise growth. It meant that intellectual capital had become an important factor to promote the growth of agricultural listed enterprises, while it was still necessary for structural capital to play an active role in enterprise growth.