Abstract: The establishment of agricultural technology extension system is to support agricultural industry upgrading and rural economic development. However, the agricultural extension shows different forms in accordance with the differences of spacetime, region, environment and economic stage. In this paper, the evolution, system structure and development characteristics of Taiwan’s agricultural technology extension system were analyzed in detail. Then, the countermeasures were put forward including establishing a diversified agricultural technology extension system, strengthening the promotion efficiency of agricultural technology, improving the teaching contents and evaluation system for peasants’ training, thus to promote the development of agricultural technology extension in the Chinese mainland.