Abstract: In this paper, the rurality evaluation indexes and evaluation model were established according to the important role of rural economy played in the development of social economy. Then, by using the relevant data from 2001 to 2013, the rurality of 20 counties（cities）in Taiwan was evaluated, and the spatial econometric model was used to analyze the relationship between rurality and leisure agriculture. The results showed that there existed significant spatial dependence in the rurality of Taiwan, and the development of leisure agriculture was conductive to sustain rurality. Last, the enlightenments were gained from Taiwan’s practices in the maintenance of rurality, thus to promote rural construction in the Chinese mainland.