Abstract:  As the weak group among the poor, the rural female-headed poor households are the key objects crying out for assistance.This paper described detailedly the basic situation of rural female-headed poor households in Taining County from five aspects of basic feature, area distribution, family structure and burden, family income and expenditure, cause for poverty and support requirement.Then, based on the theoretical perspective of capability poverty, four proposals were put forward to provide some enlightenments for the promotion of developing support programs on the women who were extremely in poverty in Fujian.