Abstract:  Peasantworkers play an indelible role in the urbanization, but they cannot enjoy the same social benefits with the citizen, especially, the social oldage insurance policies are not perfect. This paper takes Jianxin Town of Fuzhou as an example, discussed the influence factors affecting peasantworkers’ participating in social oldage insurance by using the data model. The results show that the factors affecting peasantworkers’ participating in social oldage insurance include the personal feature, the employment status, the cognition to the policies of social oldage insurance, the expectation and the risk awareness to the social oldage insurance. Based on these views, this paper put forward the countermeasures to strengthen the awareness on peasantworkers’ participating in social oldage insurance from the aspects such as household registration reform, professional training, endowment insurance relations transfer, etc.